How to Take Great Notes:
Step1.
Don’t write facts, write
conclusions!
Step2. Use color!
Step3. Review (also can teach others)!
Lysistrata
Lysistrata (/laɪˈsɪstrətə/ or /ˌlɪsəˈstrɑːtə/; Attic Greek: Λυσιστράτη, "Army Disbander" ) is a comedy by Aristophanes. Originally performed in classical Athens in 411 BC, it is a comic account of one woman's extraordinary mission to end the Peloponnesian War . Lysistrata persuades the women of Greece to withhold sexual privileges from their husbands and lovers as a means of forcing the men to negotiate peace—a strategy, however, that inflames the battle between the sexes. The play is notable for being an early exposé of sexual relations in a male-dominated society .
Sex strike
A sex
strike, sometimes called a
sex boycott,
is a strike,
a method of
non-violent resistance in which one or multiple persons refrain from sex with
their partner(s) to achieve certain goals
. It is a form of temporary
sexual abstinence. Sex strikes have been used to protest many issues, from
water resources to employment equity.
The Big Three in Greek Philosophy
1.
Socrates
2. Plato
3. Aristotle
Socrates
Socrates (/ˈsɒkrətiːz/; 470/469 – 399 BC) was a classical Greek (Athenian) philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy . He is an enigmatic figure known chiefly through the accounts of classical writers, especially the writings of his students Plato and Xenophon and the plays of his contemporary Aristophanes. Plato's dialogues are among the most comprehensive accounts of Socrates to survive from antiquity, though it is unclear the degree to which Socrates himself is "hidden behind his 'best disciple', Plato".
Plato
Plato (/ˈpleɪtoʊ/; 428/427 or 424/423 – 348/347 BC) was a philosopher and mathematician in Classical Greece, and the founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. He is widely considered the most pivotal figure in the development of philosophy, especially the Western tradition.
Aristotle
Aristotle
(/ˈærɪˌstɒtəl/; 384 – 322 BC)[2] was a
Greek
philosopher
and scientist
born in the city of Stagira, Chalkidice, on the northern periphery of Classical
Greece.
His writings cover many subjects – including physics, biology, zoology, metaphysics, logic, ethics, aesthetics, poetry, theater, music, rhetoric, linguistics, politics and government – and constitute the first comprehensive system of Western philosophy .
Platonic Academy
The Academy (Ancient Greek: Ἀκαδημία) was founded by Plato (428/427 BC – 348/347 BC) in ca. 387 BC in Athens. Aristotle (384 BC – 322 BC) studied there for twenty years (367 BC – 347 BC) before founding his own school, the Lyceum.
Ancient road to the
Academy.
The School of Athens
Mimesis
Mimesis (/maɪˈmiːsəs/; Ancient Greek: μίμησις (mīmēsis), from μιμεῖσθαι (mīmeisthai), "to imitate," from μῖμος (mimos), "imitator, actor") is a critical and philosophical term that carries a wide range of meanings, which include imitation, representation, mimicry, imitatio, receptivity, nonsensuous similarity, the act of resembling, the act of expression, and the presentation of the self.
In ancient Greece, mimesis was an idea that governed the creation of works of art, in particular, with correspondence to the physical world understood as a model for beauty, truth, and the good. Plato contrasted mimesis, or imitation, with diegesis, or narrative. After Plato, the meaning of mimesis eventually shifted toward a specifically literary function in ancient Greek society, and its use has changed and been reinterpreted many times since then.
One of
the best-known modern studies of mimesis, understood as a form of realism in
literature, is
Erich
Auerbach's
Mimesis: The Representation of Reality in Western Literature, which opens with a famous comparison between the
way the world is represented in
Homer's
Odyssey and
the way it appears in the
Bible.
Hamartia
The term hamartia
derives from the Greek ἁμαρτία, from ἁμαρτάνειν hamartánein, which means
“to miss the mark” or “to err”. It is most
often associated with Greek tragedy, although it is also used in Christian
theology.
In tragedy,
hamartia is commonly understood to refer to
the
protagonist’s error or flaw that leads to a chain of plot actions culminating
in a reversal from their good fortune to bad.
Tragic flaw, tragic error, and divine intervention:
Aristotle mentions hamartia in Poetics. He argues that is a powerful device to have a story begin with a rich and powerful hero, neither exceptionally virtuous nor villainous, who then falls into misfortune by a mistake or error (harmartia). Discussion among scholars centers mainly on the degree to which hamartia is defined as tragic flaw or tragic error.
字根字首
*omni- : all
eg. omniscient
(adjective) /ɒmˈnɪs.i.ənt/
→ having or seeming to have unlimited
knowledge
omnibus (noun) /ˈɒm.nɪ.bəs/ → a book consisting of two or more parts that have already been published separately 選集，匯編
*ab-:
away, from / prohibit
eg. abstinence (noun) /ˈæb.stɪ.nənts/ → not doing something
abandon (verb) → to
leave a place, thing or person forever
生字
*strike (verb) → to refuse to continue
working because of an argument with an employer about working conditions, pay
levels or job losses
罷工 eg. We're striking for a reduction
in the working week and improved safety standards.
*Rex
(noun)
→
a Latin word meaning "king", used to show the
side in a court case that is the state, when there is a king.
Specifically, it was
the
title of the kings of ancient Rome
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